Ku ya 17 Kanama, Amabwiriza mashya y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi “Amabwiriza ya Batiri n’imyanda” (EU No 2023/1542, aha ni ukuvuga: Amategeko mashya ya Batiri) azashyirwa mu bikorwa ku mugaragaro kandi ashyirwe mu bikorwa ku ya 18 Gashyantare 2024.
Ku bijyanye n'intego yo gusohora itegeko rishya rya batiri, Komisiyo y’Uburayi yabanje kuvuga iti: “Urebye akamaro gakomeye ka batiri, tanga ibyemezo byemewe n'amategeko ku bakora ibikorwa byose kandi wirinde ivangura, inzitizi z’ubucuruzi no kugoreka ku isoko rya batiri.Amategeko yo kuramba, imikorere, umutekano, gukusanya, gutunganya, no gukoresha kabiri ikoreshwa rya kabiri, kimwe no gutanga amakuru ajyanye namakuru ya batiri kubakoresha amaherezo nabakoresha ubukungu.Birakenewe gushyiraho urwego ruhuriweho kugirango duhangane nubuzima bwose bwa bateri.”
Uburyo bushya bwa bateri burakwiriye mubyiciro byose bya bateri, ni ukuvuga ko igabanijwemo ibyiciro bitanu ukurikije igishushanyo cya batiri: bateri yimukanwa, bateri ya LMT (ibikoresho bitwara ibikoresho byoroheje bitwara Light Light of Transport Battery), bateri ya SLI (gutangira , gucana no gutwika Bateri Gutangira, Kumurika no Gutwika Bateri, Bateri Yinganda na Bateri Yamashanyarazi Yongeyeho, ishami rya batiri / module itaraterana ariko mubyukuri ishyirwa kumasoko nayo ishyirwa mubikorwa byo kugenzura fagitire. .
Uburyo bushya bwa batiri bushyira ahagaragara ibisabwa byateganijwe kubwoko bwose bwa bateri (usibye bateri ya gisirikare, ikirere, na ingufu za kirimbuzi) mubwoko bwose bwa bateri kumasoko yuburayi.Ibi bisabwa bikubiyemo kuramba n'umutekano, ikirango, amakuru, umwete ukwiye, pasiporo ya batiri, imicungire ya batiri, n'ibindi. Muri icyo gihe, uburyo bushya bwa batiri bugaragaza inshingano n'inshingano by'abakora, abatumiza mu mahanga, n'abagabura bateri n'ibicuruzwa bya batiri , kandi ishyiraho uburyo bwo gusuzuma ibyubahirizwa nibisabwa kugenzura isoko.
Kwagura inshingano za producer: Uburyo bushya bwa bateri busaba uwukora bateri kwishura ubuzima bwuzuye bwubuzima bwa bateri hanze yicyiciro, harimo gutunganya no gutunganya bateri yataye.Abakora ibicuruzwa bakeneye kwishyura ikiguzi cyo gukusanya, gutunganya no gutunganya imyanda ya batiri, no gutanga amakuru afatika kubakoresha no kubatunganya.
Mugutanga bateri QR code hamwe na pasiporo ya digitale, uburyo bushya bwa batiri bwashyizeho ikirango cya batiri nibisabwa gutangaza amakuru, hamwe nibisabwa na pasiporo ya digitale ya batiri na code ya QR.Gusubiramo ibikubiyemo nandi makuru.Guhera ku ya 1 Nyakanga 2024, byibuze amakuru yuwakoze bateri, moderi ya batiri, ibikoresho fatizo (harimo ibice bishobora kuvugururwa), ibirenge byose bya karuboni, ibirenge bya karuboni ibirenge bya karuboni, raporo yicyemezo -cyiciro cya gatatu, amahuza ashobora kwerekana ibirenge bya karubone, nibindi. Kuva mu 2026, bateri zose zamashanyarazi zaguzwe amashanyarazi, bateri zitwara ibintu byoroheje na bateri nini yinganda, bateri imwe irenga 2kWh cyangwa irenga, igomba kuba ifite pasiporo ya batiri kugirango yinjire kumasoko yuburayi.
Itegeko rishya rya batiri riteganya ibipimo byo kugarura no gukenera imikorere yubwoko butandukanye bwimyanda.Intego yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa yashyizweho kugirango igere ku gipimo runaka cyo kugarura no kugarura ibikoresho mugihe runaka kugirango igabanye umutungo.Amabwiriza mashya ya batiri arasobanutse.Mbere y'itariki ya 31 Ukuboza 2025, gutunganya no gukoresha bigomba kugera byibuze ku ntego zikurikira zo gukira: (A) kubara ku bipimo mpuzandengo, no kongera gukoresha 75% ya batiri ya acide -acide;Igipimo cyo gukira kigera kuri 65%;(C) kubara ku bipimo mpuzandengo, igipimo cyo kugarura bateri ya nikel -cadmium igera kuri 80%;(D) kubara uburemere buringaniye bwizindi bateri, kandi igipimo cyo kugarura kigera kuri 50%.2. Mbere yitariki ya 31 Ukuboza 2030, gutunganya no kuyikoresha bigomba kugera byibuze ku ntego zikurikira zo gutunganya neza: (a) kubara ku bipimo mpuzandengo no gutunganya 80% ya batiri -iside;%.
Kubireba intego zo gusubiramo ibikoresho, uburyo bushya bwa batiri burasobanutse.Mbere ya 31 Ukuboza 2027, re -cycle yose igomba kugera byibuze intego zikurikira zo kugarura ibikoresho: (A) Cobalt ni 90%;c) Ibiyobora ni 90%;(D) lithium ni 50%;(E) nikel irimo 90%.2. Mbere yitariki ya 31 Ukuboza 2031, re -cycle zose zigomba kugera byibuze ku bikoresho bikurikira byo gutunganya: (A) Ibirimo Cobalt ni 95%;(b) 95% by'umuringa;) Litiyumu ni 80%;(E) Ibigize Nickel ni 95%.
Gabanya ibikubiye mubintu byangiza nka mercure, kadmium na gurş muri bateri kugirango ugabanye ingaruka kubidukikije nubuzima.Kurugero, uburyo bushya bwa bateri busobanutse neza ko bwaba bukoreshwa mubikoresho byamashanyarazi, gutwara ibintu byoroheje, cyangwa izindi modoka, bateri ntigomba kurenga 0.0005% nibiri muri mercure (ihagarariwe nicyuma cya mercure) muri metero yuburemere.Ibikoresho bya kadmium biri muri bateri zigendanwa ntibishobora kurenga 0.002% (bigereranywa nicyuma cadmium) ukurikije metero yuburemere.Kuva ku ya 18 Kanama 2024, ibikubiye muri bateri zigendanwa (haba mu bikoresho cyangwa bitari mu gikoresho) ntibigomba kurenga 0.01% (bigereranywa n’icyuma), ariko mbere yitariki ya 18 Kanama 2028, imipaka ntishobora gukurikizwa kuri bateri ya zinc ishobora gutwara .
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-31-2023