Mu rwego rwo gusubiza ikirego cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi kirega amasosiyete y’amafoto y’Abashinwa, Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi yahamagaye byihutirwa amasosiyete ane akomeye y’amafoto y’Abashinwa, nka Yingli, Suntech, Trina na Solar yo muri Kanada, kugira ngo baganire ku ngamba zo guhangana.Ibihangange bine byatanze “Raporo yihutirwa ku iperereza ry’ibihugu by’Uburayi rishinzwe iperereza ku bicuruzwa by’amafoto y’Ubushinwa, byangiza cyane inganda z’igihugu cyanjye.”“Raporo” yahamagariye guverinoma y'Ubushinwa, inganda, n'inganda “batatu-umwe” mu gihe iperereza ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ryinjira mu minsi 45.Subiza witonze kandi utegure ingamba zo guhangana.
Ati: "Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye cyugarije inganda nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa nyuma y’uko Amerika itangiye iperereza ryikubye kabiri ry’ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku muyaga w’Ubushinwa n’amasosiyete akora amashanyarazi."Shi Lishan, umuyobozi wungirije w’ishami rishinzwe ingufu n’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu kigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ingufu Mu kiganiro n’umunyamakuru, yavuze ko ingufu nshya zifatwa nk’intandaro y’impinduramatwara ya gatatu ku isi, ndetse n’inganda nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa, zihagarariwe na Photovoltaics nimbaraga z'umuyaga, byateye imbere byihuse mumyaka yashize kandi byafashe iyambere kumasoko mpuzamahanga.Ibihugu by’Uburayi n’Amerika byagiye bikurikirana “ingamba ebyiri zo guhangana” n’ingufu nshya z’Ubushinwa.Urebye, ni amakimbirane mpuzamahanga mu bucuruzi, ariko duhereye ku isesengura ryimbitse, ni intambara yo guhatanira amahirwe muri revolisiyo ya gatatu ku isi.
Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika n’Uburayi byatangiye ibikorwa by’ubushinwa “double-reverse”, bishyira mu kaga inganda z’amafoto
Ku ya 24 Nyakanga, isosiyete yo mu Budage Solarw orld hamwe n’andi masosiyete yashyikirije komisiyo y’Uburayi ikirego, isaba ko hakorwa iperereza ku kurwanya ibicuruzwa biva mu mafoto y’Ubushinwa.Ukurikije uburyo, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi uzafata icyemezo cyo gutanga ikirego mu minsi 45 (mu ntangiriro za Nzeri).
Iki ni ikindi gitero ku bicuruzwa bishya by’ingufu by’Ubushinwa n’umuryango mpuzamahanga nyuma y’Amerika.Mbere, Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi yo muri Amerika yafashe ibyemezo bikurikirana byo kurwanya no guta ibicuruzwa ku bicuruzwa by’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi n’umuyaga byoherezwa muri Amerika.Muri byo, ibihano birwanya kurwanya guta 31.14% -249,96% byishyurwa ku bicuruzwa bifotora by’abashinwa;imirimo yo kurwanya guta by'agateganyo ingana na 20,85% -72,69% na 13,74% -26% yakwa ku minara y’ingufu zikoreshwa n’umuyaga mu Bushinwa.Ku misoro yo kugabanya by'agateganyo, igipimo cy’imisoro yuzuye ku misoro ibiri yo kwishyura no kwishyura ibicuruzwa bigera kuri 98.69%.
Ati: “Ugereranije n'ikibazo cyo muri Amerika cyo kurwanya imyanda, ikibazo cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi kirwanya imyanda gifite intera nini, kirimo umubare munini, kandi giteza ibibazo bikomeye inganda z’amafoto y’Ubushinwa.”Umuyobozi ushinzwe imibanire rusange n’itsinda rya Yingli, Liang Tian, yatangarije abanyamakuru ko ikibazo cy’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi cyo kurwanya imyanda Uru rubanza rukubiyemo ibicuruzwa byose bituruka ku zuba bituruka mu Bushinwa.Kubara ukurikije igiciro cya sisitemu yama 15 yu kuri watt yumusaruro wumwaka ushize, igiteranyo cyose cyageze kuri tiriyari imwe, kandi imbaraga zaragutse cyane.
Kurundi ruhande, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi n’isoko rinini mu mahanga ku bicuruzwa bifotora by’Ubushinwa.Mu mwaka wa 2011, agaciro k’ibicuruzwa by’amafoto y’Ubushinwa mu mahanga byari hafi miliyari 35.8 z’amadolari y’Amerika, aho Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi urenga 60%.Mu yandi magambo, ikibazo cy’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi kizaba gifite agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bisaga miliyari 20 z’amadolari y’Amerika, bikaba bigereranywa n’agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu Bushinwa bitumizwa mu mahanga mu Burayi mu 2011. Bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kuri Ubushinwa n'Uburayi ubucuruzi, politiki n'ubukungu.
Liang Tian yizera ko ikibazo cy’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi nikimara gushingwa, bizatera ingaruka zikomeye ku masosiyete y’amafoto y’Abashinwa.Mbere na mbere, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ushobora gushyiraho imisoro ihanitse ku bicuruzwa bifotora by’abashinwa, bigatuma amasosiyete y’amafoto y’igihugu cyanjye atakaza amahirwe yo guhangana kandi agahatirwa kuva ku masoko akomeye;icya kabiri, ingorane zo gukora zihura n’amasosiyete akomeye y’amafoto azatera ihomba ry’ibigo biyishamikiyeho, inguzanyo za banki zangiritse, n’ubushomeri bw’abakozi.n'uruhererekane rw'ibibazo bikomeye by'imibereho n'ubukungu;icya gatatu, nkigihugu cy’inganda zigenda zitera imbere, amasosiyete y’amafoto yahagaritswe n’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi, ibyo bikaba bizatuma ingamba z’igihugu cyanjye cyo guhindura uburyo bw’iterambere ry’ubukungu no guhinga ingingo nshya z’ubukungu zitakaza inkunga ikomeye;Icya kane, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi uzahatira amasosiyete y’amafoto y’igihugu cyanjye gushinga inganda mu mahanga, bigatuma ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa bwimukira mu mahanga.
Ati: “Uru ruzaba ari ikibazo cyo kurengera ubucuruzi gifite agaciro kanini cyane, ingaruka nyinshi, ndetse n’ibyangiritse cyane mu bukungu mu mateka ku isi.Ntabwo bivuze gusa ko amasosiyete y’amafoto y’Abashinwa azahura n’ibiza, ariko kandi azanateza no gutakaza agaciro k’umusaruro urenga miliyari 350, na miliyari zirenga 200.Ibyago by'inguzanyo mbi mu mafaranga byatumye abantu barenga 300.000 kugeza 500.000 batakaza akazi icyarimwe. ”Liang Tian ati.
Nta watsinze intambara mpuzamahanga yubucuruzi.Amakimbirane ya Photovoltaque ntabwo ari Ubushinwa gusa.
Mu gusubiza ikirego cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi kirega inganda z’amafoto y’Ubushinwa, ibihangange bine by’amafoto y’Ubushinwa, biyobowe na Yingli, byatanze raporo muri “raporo yihutirwa” yashyikirijwe Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi ko igihugu cyanjye gikwiye guhuza “ubutatu” kandi guhuza guverinoma, inganda n’inganda gushyiraho ingamba zo guhangana.igipimo.“Raporo yihutirwa” irahamagarira Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi y’Ubushinwa, Minisiteri y’Imari, Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga ndetse n’abayobozi bo mu nzego zo mu rwego rwo hejuru gutangiza vuba ibiganiro n’imishyikirano n’ibihugu by’Uburayi ndetse n’ibihugu bireba, isaba Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi kureka iperereza.
Nta batsinze mu ntambara mpuzamahanga z'ubucuruzi.Umuvugizi wa Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi, Shen Danyang, aherutse gusubiza ku bijyanye n’amafoto y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi arwanya imyanda, agira ati: “Niba Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ushyizeho amategeko abuza ibicuruzwa bifotora amashanyarazi y’Ubushinwa, twizera ko bizabangamira iterambere rusange ry’inganda z’amafoto y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi hejuru no mu majyepfo, kandi bizabikora bibangamire iterambere ry’ingamba z’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi., kandi kandi ntabwo bifasha ubufatanye hagati y’amasosiyete akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba y’impande zombi, kandi irashobora kwirasa ikirenge. ”
Byumvikane ko Photovoltaque n’izindi nganda nshya z’ingufu zimaze gushyiraho urwego rw’inganda n’inganda n’urwego rw’agaciro, kandi ibihugu byose byo ku isi, harimo n’ibihugu by’Uburayi n’Amerika, biri mu muryango w’inyungu zifite inyungu zuzuzanya.
Dufashe urugero rwa Photovoltaque, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ufite ibyiza mu bushakashatsi n’ikoranabuhanga mu iterambere, ibikoresho fatizo no gukora ibikoresho;mugihe Ubushinwa bufite ibyiza mubipimo ninganda, kandi umusaruro wabyo wibanze kuruhande rwibigize.Inganda z’amafoto y’Ubushinwa zateje imbere iterambere ry’inganda zijyanye n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ndetse n’isi, cyane cyane umusaruro n’ibyoherezwa mu Bushinwa n’ibikoresho fatizo bijyanye n’ibihugu by’Uburayi.Amakuru rusange yerekana ko mu mwaka wa 2011, Ubushinwa bwatumije mu Budage miliyoni 764 z’amadolari ya polysilicon, bingana na 20% by’Ubushinwa butumiza ibicuruzwa bisa, byatumije miliyoni 360 z’amadolari y’ifeza, kandi bugura hafi miliyari 18 z’ibikoresho by’ibicuruzwa biva mu Budage, Ubusuwisi na bindi bihugu by'i Burayi., yateje imbere iterambere ry’inganda zo mu Burayi no mu majyepfo, kandi ihanga imirimo irenga 300.000 y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi.
Amafoto y’Ubushinwa namara kwibasirwa cyane, isoko ry’iburayi mu rwego rw’inganda ntirizacika.Mu gusubiza ubu bwoko bwo kurwanya guta “gukomeretsa abantu ijana no kwiyangiza mirongo inani”, amasosiyete menshi yo mu mafoto y’i Burayi afite imyanya itavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi.Nyuma y’isosiyete ya Munich WACKER, isosiyete yo mu Budage Heraeus nayo iherutse kwerekana ko yanze ko Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi utangiza iperereza “ry’impimbano ebyiri” ku Bushinwa.Umuyobozi w'uru ruganda, Frank Heinricht, yagaragaje ko gushyiraho imisoro y'ibihano bizatuma gusa Ubushinwa bwitabira ingamba nk'izo, yizera ko ari “ukurenga ku mugaragaro ihame ryo guhatanira ubuntu.”
Ikigaragara ni uko intambara yubucuruzi mu nganda zifotora izageraho iganisha kuri "gutsindwa-gutakaza", ibyo bikaba ari ibisubizo nta shyaka ryifuza kubona.
Ubushinwa bugomba gufata ingamba nyinshi zo gufata ingamba mu nganda nshya z’ingufu
Ati: “Ubushinwa ntabwo ari bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ku isi gusa, ahubwo ni n'ibihugu bya kabiri mu bihugu bitumiza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa byinshi.Mu rwego rwo gukemura amakimbirane mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi yatewe n’ibihugu bimwe na bimwe, Ubushinwa bufite ibisabwa kugira ngo bufate ingamba zikwiye kandi busubize neza. ”Liang Tian yabwiye abanyamakuru ko niba iki gihe Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi watanze ikirego cyo kurwanya imyanda ku mafoto y’Ubushinwa.Ubushinwa bugomba gukora "ingamba zo guhangana".Kurugero, irashobora guhitamo ibicuruzwa biva mubucuruzi bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi byohereza mu Bushinwa binini bihagije, birimo abafatanyabikorwa bahagije, cyangwa kimwe n’ikoranabuhanga rinini kandi rifite ubuhanga, kandi rigakora ingamba zo guhangana nazo.Iperereza no gufata icyemezo "Double-reverse".
Liang Tian yizera ko igisubizo cy’Ubushinwa ku kibazo cyo kurinda amapine y’Ubushinwa na Amerika mu 2009 gitanga urugero rwiza ku masoko mashya y’ingufu nka Photovoltaics.Muri uwo mwaka, Perezida wa Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika Obama yatangaje ko imyaka itatu y’ibihano ku modoka n’amapine y’amakamyo yoroheje yatumijwe mu Bushinwa.Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi y’Ubushinwa yafashe icyemezo cyo gutangiza “double-reverse” isuzuma bimwe mu bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva muri Amerika.Iyo inyungu zayo bwite zangiritse, Amerika yahisemo kumvikana.
Shi Lishan, umuyobozi wungirije w’ishami rishya ry’ingufu n’ingufu z’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ingufu, yemeza ko guhera mu iperereza ryakozwe mbere na mbere ryakozwe na Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika ryerekeye ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku muyaga w’umuyaga w’Ubushinwa hamwe n’amasosiyete y’amafoto y’amashanyarazi kugeza ku muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. ikirego kirega amasosiyete y’amafoto y’abashinwa, Iyi ntabwo ari intambara yatangijwe n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi kurwanya ingufu nshya z’igihugu cyanjye nk’inganda zigenda zitera imbere, ahubwo ni n'amakimbirane hagati y’ibihugu ku bijyanye n’ingufu nshya muri revolisiyo ya gatatu y’inganda.
Nkuko twese tubizi, impinduramatwara ebyiri za mbere mu nganda mu mateka y’umuntu zashingiye ku iterambere ry’ingufu z’ibinyabuzima.Nyamara, ingufu z’ibinyabuzima zidashobora kuvugururwa zateje ibibazo bikomeye by’ingufu n’ibidukikije.Mu mpinduramatwara ya gatatu mu nganda, ingufu nshya zisukuye kandi zishobora kuvugururwa zashyizeho ingingo nshya zo kuzamuka mu bukungu kandi zagize uruhare rudasubirwaho mu guhindura imiterere y’ingufu.Kugeza ubu, ibihugu byinshi ku isi bifata iterambere ry’ingufu nshya nkinganda zikomeye zifatika mu kuzamura ubukungu.Bavumbuye udushya, bashiraho politiki, bashora imari, baharanira gukoresha amahirwe ya revolution ya gatatu yinganda.
Byumvikane ko iterambere ry’ingufu z’umuyaga mu Bushinwa ryarenze Amerika kandi riza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi, kandi inganda zikoresha ingufu z’umuyaga n’igihugu kinini ku isi;Inganda zifotora amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa kuri ubu zirenga 50% by’ubushobozi bw’umusaruro ku isi, kandi zimaze kugera ku 70% by’ibikoresho byayo.Nkumusozo wibyiza bishya byingufu, ingufu zumuyaga hamwe n’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi byashyizwe mu bikorwa nk’inganda z’iterambere ry’Ubushinwa.Nimwe munganda nkeya mugihugu cyanjye zishobora icyarimwe kwitabira amarushanwa mpuzamahanga kandi zikaba kurwego rwambere.Bamwe mu bari imbere bagaragaje ko Uburayi na Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika bihagarika inganda z’amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi y’Ubushinwa, mu buryo bumwe, kugira ngo bahagarike iterambere ry’inganda zigenda zitera imbere mu Bushinwa ndetse no kwemeza ko Uburayi na Amerika biza ku mwanya wa mbere mu nganda z’ingamba zizaza.
Mu guhangana n’imbogamizi zituruka ku masoko mpuzamahanga nk’Uburayi na Amerika, ni gute inganda nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa nka Photovoltaika n’ingufu z’umuyaga zishobora kuva mu bibazo?Shi Lishan yizera ko mbere ya byose, tugomba gufata ingamba zikwiye kugira ngo duhangane n’ikibazo kandi duharanire ingamba mu ntambara mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi;icya kabiri, tugomba kwibanda ku guhinga Ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu, tugomba kubaka inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi n’umuyaga n’inganda zitanga serivisi zishingiye ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu kandi zerekeza ku isi;icya gatatu, tugomba kwihutisha ivugurura rya sisitemu yingufu zimbere mu gihugu, guhinga isoko ryamashanyarazi yagabanijwe, hanyuma amaherezo tugashiraho uburyo bushya bwiterambere burambye bushingiye kumasoko yimbere mugihugu kandi bukorera isoko ryisi yose.Sisitemu yinganda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-18-2024