Niki bateri isobanura mumategeko?

Ijambo bateri rifite ubusobanuro bukomeye haba mururimi rwa buri munsi ndetse no mubyemewe n'amategeko.Mu mikoreshereze ya buri munsi yerekeza ku bikoresho bibika kandi bitanga ingufu z'amashanyarazi, mu gihe mu mategeko birimo guhuza umubiri ku bushake kandi bitemewe n'amategeko.Iyi ngingo izacengera mubisobanuro bibiri bya bateri, yiga kubijyanye na tekiniki n'amategeko.

Muburyo bwa tekiniki, bateri nigikoresho gihindura ingufu za chimique ingufu zamashanyarazi.Nisoko yingufu zisanzwe kubikoresho byinshi bya elegitoronike, kuva mubintu bito byo murugo nko kugenzura kure n'amatara kugeza kubikoresho binini nka mudasobwa zigendanwa na terefone.Akamaro ka bateri mubuzima bwa kijyambere ntishobora kuvugwa kuko ikora ibikoresho byinshi nibikoresho byoroshye kandi bikora.

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa bateri, harimo alkaline, lithium-ion, nikel-kadmium, na aside-aside, buri kimwe gifite imiterere yihariye kandi ikoreshwa.Batteri ya alkaline ikoreshwa mubikoresho bidafite ingufu nkamasaha n ibikinisho, mugihe bateri ya lithium-ion ikoreshwa cyane muri terefone zigendanwa, mudasobwa zigendanwa ndetse n’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi kubera ingufu nyinshi.Azwiho kuramba hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi ashonje, bateri ya nikel-kadmium ikoreshwa mubikoresho byamashanyarazi nibikoresho byubuvuzi.Kurundi ruhande, bateri ya aside-aside ikoreshwa cyane mumamodoka hamwe na sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi adahagarara (UPS).

Kurundi ruhande, igitekerezo cyemewe cya batiri kiratandukanye cyane nigitekerezo cya tekiniki.Mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, bateri ni nkana gukoraho nkana cyangwa gukubita undi muntu batabanje kubiherwa uruhushya.Nuburyo bwo guhohoterwa, ikosa ryabaturage ritera kugirira nabi cyangwa gutakaza umuntu.Batteri akenshi ifitanye isano no gukubita, ariko byombi nibyaha bitandukanye.Igitero kirimo iterabwoba ryangiza umubiri, mugihe bateri irimo guhuza umubiri.

Ibintu bitatu bigomba kuba bihari kugirango bibe igitero: uregwa akora ku urega nkana, atabiherewe uruhushya n’urega, kandi gukoraho nta shingiro bifite.Impamvu nkana irakomeye, kuko guhura nimpanuka ntabwo byangiza bateri.Byongeye kandi, kubura uruhushya rutandukanya bateri no guhuza umubiri byumvikanyweho, nko guhana ukuboko cyangwa gukubita urushyi inyuma.Byongeye kandi, kubura ishingiro ryamategeko bivuze ko gukorakora bidashobora gutsindishirizwa no kwirwanaho, kurengera abandi, cyangwa ubutware bwemewe.

Ingaruka zo gukubita zirashobora kuba zikomeye kuko zibangamira uburenganzira bwa muntu kandi zishobora guteza ingaruka mbi kumubiri no mumarangamutima.Mu rwego rw'amategeko, abahohotewe barashobora gusaba indishyi z'amafaranga yo kwivuza, ububabare n'imibabaro, n'izindi ndishyi ziterwa no gukorakora mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko.Byongeye kandi, abakora ibitero bashobora gukurikiranwa n’icyaha ndetse n’igifungo gishobora gufungwa, bitewe n’uburemere bw’icyaha n’amategeko y’ububasha icyaha cyakorewe.

Twabibutsa ko ibisobanuro byemewe n'amategeko byibasiwe bishobora gutandukana bitewe nububasha n’ububasha, kubera ko ibihugu n’ibihugu bitandukanye bifite sitati yabyo n’amategeko y’imanza agena aho iki cyaha kigeze.Nyamara, amahame shingiro yo guhuza umubiri nkana kandi atemewe n'amategeko akomeza kuba murwego rwamategeko.

Muri make, bateri zirimo tekiniki n'amategeko.Urebye muburyo bwa tekiniki, nigikoresho cyingenzi cyo kubika ingufu zishobora guha ibikoresho ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bitandukanye.Mu rwego rw'amategeko, bivuga guhuza nkana kandi bitemewe n’undi muntu, ibyo bikaba ari amakosa y’imbonezamubano.Gusobanukirwa nubusobanuro bubiri bwa bateri ningirakamaro mu kuyobora isi yikoranabuhanga hamwe na sisitemu igoye.Byaba byemeza ko ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bikoreshwa cyangwa byubahiriza imipaka yihariye yabandi, igitekerezo cya bateri gifite ingaruka zikomeye mubice byose byubuzima.